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SRCH:EF8E13B2

Large language model leaderboard benchmark comparison scores GPT-4o Claude-3 Gemini-1.5 LLaMA-3 performance 20

Submitted: 29 May 2026
Review score: 1.00/10
Verification: L1, Literature synthesis
Quality tier: Quarantine candidate

Abstract

Abstract: In this paper, we explore the capabilities of state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4, GPT-4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Claude 3 Opus, Gemini 1.5 Pro, Llama 3, and Llama 3.1 in solving some selected undergraduate-level transportation engineering problems. We introduce TransportBench, a benchmark dataset that includes a sample of transportation engineering problems on a wide range of subjects in the context of planning, design, management, and control of transportation systems. This dataset is used by human experts to evaluate the capabilities of various commercial and open-source

Research Question

Large language model leaderboard benchmark comparison scores GPT-4o Claude-3 Gemini-1.5 LLaMA-3 performance 2024

Verification Level

Paper levelL1, Literature synthesis
Source-grounded claims0
Claim record sourceparsed source sections

Descriptive public verification status only; aggregate claim counts are public, but individual claim records are not exposed here.

Quality Tier

TierQuarantine candidate
BasisReview score is below 5.0; source-level inspection is required before relying on the synthesis.

Descriptive public triage only; this tier does not alter current publication or DOI behavior.

Quality Dimensions

Evidence strength LOW
Uncertainty disclosure MEDIUM
Reproducibility status MEDIUM

Automated triage signals derived from public fields; not human peer review or independent validation.

Correction Record

StatusCURRENT
Correction count0
Manifest contractpaper-manifest-v1.1
Correction contractcorrection-record-v1

Public corrections are additive records. Current status does not claim the synthesis is error-free.

Provenance

PublisherAssignee Research
Public provenanceL2, Public artifact record
Report artifactAvailable
External recordNot registered
Claim lineage0 aggregate source-grounded claims
Review methodAutomated multi-reviewer assessment
Quality guideHow to read scores, claims, manifests, and evidence links
Provenance contractsource-provenance-v1
NoteMachine-generated synthesis of existing literature. Not primary research.